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How to Prevent the Next Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic isn't over. But even as governments around the world try to get it under control, they're also starting to talk about what happens next. How can we prevent another pandemic from killing millions of people and devastating the global economy? Can we even hope to accomplish this?
Bill Gates believes the answer is yes, and he has written a largely upbeat book that lays out clearly and convincingly what the world should learn from COVID-19, explains the science of fighting pandemics, and suggests what all of us can do to help prevent another one.
Bill Gates believes the answer is yes, and he has written a largely upbeat book that lays out clearly and convincingly what the world should learn from COVID-19, explains the science of fighting pandemics, and suggests what all of us can do to help prevent another one.
304 pages, Hardcover
First published May 3, 2022
About the author
Bill Gates
10 books525k followersReading books is one of my favorite ways to learn new things and better understand the world. I try to read every day, even when I’m busy and traveling. I’m excited to share with you what I'm reading, the people I meet, and what I'm learning. I hope that you'll join the conversation here and on my blog, gatesnotes.com.
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April 18, 2022I believe that COVID-19 can be the last pandemic. In my upcoming book, I lay out the specific steps we can take to not only stop future pandemics but provide better health care for everyone around the world.
November 21, 2023
Bill Gates genuinely thinks the real-world viruses are just like his Windows "viruses." Almost all of the book's critical claims are either not proved or shockingly false.
February 25, 2023
Bill Gates does an excellent job outlining specific steps to take to prevent the next pandemic in his book How to Prevent the Next Pandemic. His writing style is straightforward, easy to understand, and includes a bit of humor. He makes the complex seem very simple.
The three key needs for epidemics or pandemics are:
* Rapid, accessible testing
* Global experts on hand
* Transport where needed
Gates published an article in 2015 in the New England Journal of Medicine and did a TED talk titled, "The Next Epidemic? We're Not Ready." The TED talk had 43 million views with 95% of the views after COVID began. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation contributed over $2 billion to fight COVID and develop vaccines.
Gates adroitly addresses criticisms of himself, his wealth and his Foundation openly. He is transparent about what he believes in, particularly the power of the private sector to drive innovation. He also believes truth will outlive lies.
One of my favorite quotes in the book is from Dr. Larry Brilliant, "Outbreaks are inevitable, but pandemics are optional."
Two other statements that stood out for me in the book are:
* Doing the right thing early pays huge dividends later.
* Elections have consequences and leadership matters.
Highly recommend the book!
The three key needs for epidemics or pandemics are:
* Rapid, accessible testing
* Global experts on hand
* Transport where needed
Gates published an article in 2015 in the New England Journal of Medicine and did a TED talk titled, "The Next Epidemic? We're Not Ready." The TED talk had 43 million views with 95% of the views after COVID began. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation contributed over $2 billion to fight COVID and develop vaccines.
Gates adroitly addresses criticisms of himself, his wealth and his Foundation openly. He is transparent about what he believes in, particularly the power of the private sector to drive innovation. He also believes truth will outlive lies.
One of my favorite quotes in the book is from Dr. Larry Brilliant, "Outbreaks are inevitable, but pandemics are optional."
Two other statements that stood out for me in the book are:
* Doing the right thing early pays huge dividends later.
* Elections have consequences and leadership matters.
Highly recommend the book!
May 16, 2022
One World Order, One World Health:
Yeah, in order to have it, we need 'quality' people completely unqualified like Bill Gates to tell us how to do things. He instructs world what to eat (bugs, artificial meat), how to manage climate (move Earth further from the Sun ..stupid..lol) and finaly this, about 'plandemics'.
This book has the 'WHO' in almost every sentence, as its master/owner (13% of total donations) presents the plan. It involves team of 3000 global 'experts' (GERM TEAM..lol) detecting suspicious (meaning: purposely created in the labs) CLUSTERS of diseases..all under the WHO supervision. They will share info with all pseudo, infiltrated by WEF governments. Testing, diagnostic tools + VACCINES (obviously genome vaccines, cause Gates is the biggest investor in it) will be quickly produced GLOBALLY against all known and TO BE DISCOVERED viruses. It all requires protocol, logistics, delivery..in every pseudo-country, by the WHO.
'Germ teams' will practice and play "Germ Games" (meaning lockdowns + forced injections of toxic substances into arms of participating /uninformed individuals) here and there , to be ready for swift action. When will he call for the "Hunger Games" with his $6 billion spent on agriculture over the past 17 years: pesticides and GMOs being pushed on small farmers under guise of 'charity' ?
Gates claims a lot about lockdowns and most of it is unproven or completely false.
He seems to be saying that in an ideal world, we would live with rolling lockdowns forever, on the say-so of 'experts' in his pay.
Finally Gates predicts that "Diseases will alway be around and spread".. If they do not, this autor will make sure of it.
This book is basically a blue print for the WHO, and should be taken seriously, perhaps like Mein Kampf, because it represents much more danger to humanity than any virus or germ.
Yeah, in order to have it, we need 'quality' people completely unqualified like Bill Gates to tell us how to do things. He instructs world what to eat (bugs, artificial meat), how to manage climate (move Earth further from the Sun ..stupid..lol) and finaly this, about 'plandemics'.
This book has the 'WHO' in almost every sentence, as its master/owner (13% of total donations) presents the plan. It involves team of 3000 global 'experts' (GERM TEAM..lol) detecting suspicious (meaning: purposely created in the labs) CLUSTERS of diseases..all under the WHO supervision. They will share info with all pseudo, infiltrated by WEF governments. Testing, diagnostic tools + VACCINES (obviously genome vaccines, cause Gates is the biggest investor in it) will be quickly produced GLOBALLY against all known and TO BE DISCOVERED viruses. It all requires protocol, logistics, delivery..in every pseudo-country, by the WHO.
'Germ teams' will practice and play "Germ Games" (meaning lockdowns + forced injections of toxic substances into arms of participating /uninformed individuals) here and there , to be ready for swift action. When will he call for the "Hunger Games" with his $6 billion spent on agriculture over the past 17 years: pesticides and GMOs being pushed on small farmers under guise of 'charity' ?
Gates claims a lot about lockdowns and most of it is unproven or completely false.
He seems to be saying that in an ideal world, we would live with rolling lockdowns forever, on the say-so of 'experts' in his pay.
Finally Gates predicts that "Diseases will alway be around and spread".. If they do not, this autor will make sure of it.
This book is basically a blue print for the WHO, and should be taken seriously, perhaps like Mein Kampf, because it represents much more danger to humanity than any virus or germ.
May 16, 2022
Look who's talking...!
For more information regarding my rating, please read a sophisticated and comprehensive review of my Goodread's friend, Missy.
https://www.goodreads.com/review/show...
For more information regarding my rating, please read a sophisticated and comprehensive review of my Goodread's friend, Missy.
https://www.goodreads.com/review/show...
May 23, 2022
Bill Gates, one of the five wealthiest humans, delivers a masterpiece of popular science writing. He clearly lays out the basics of the COVID-19 pandemic, and how individuals, governments, and non-governmental organizations responded to it, for better or worse. He puts the pandemic in context with his longstanding personal interest in preventing disease and redressing global health inequities. Gates (aided by a long list of helpers he credits) writes an essential book for anyone trying to make sense of the greatest global disruption most of us have experienced. Get this book and read it. It's going to shape much of the conversation.
However, no single book can exhaust a topic so large and still evolving. Gates is particularly strong on microbiology and technological responses (such as genetic sequencing of pathogens, and developing and distributing test kits, vaccines, and antiviral drugs). However, while Gates touches on the psychological and social aspects of the pandemic, he appears to be less engaged with them. In part this is because psychology as a science hasn't gotten nearly as far as microbiology. The human brain is far more complex than any microbe, after all, so psychologists have a vastly more difficult job. Psychology hasn't yet produced anything as effective as a vaccine for mental pathologies. However, Gates doesn't seem to be as informed as he should be about what psychology does bring to the table (more on this below).
In 2015 Gates presented his TED talk The next outbreak? We’re not ready. Sadly, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 proved him right - we weren't ready. Gates describes how governments around the world played frantic catch-up, with varying degress of success. Some nations (such as Japan) performed better than others (such as my USA). Even though Japan's population is older than America's, and therefore at higher risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19, Japan's COVID-19 death rate was a fraction of America's, in no small part because Japan has the world's highest compliance with mask mandates.
Although we're still not out of the COVID-19 pandemic yet, Gates is already looking ahead to future pathogenic threats, and he gave a newer TED talk about that. That brings us to the book's title - How to Prevent the Next Pandemic. Yes, Gates has a plan to stop the next one before it gets past the outbreak stage. I imagine this might attract some controversy from across the political spectrum. (And what was Gates thinking when he coined his "GERM team" for Global Epidemic Response and Mobilization? I'm no expert on marketing and branding, but that seems to make life too easy for late-night comedians. At least make the joke writers work a little.)
Conservatives might not like having science inform policy (they never do), and liberals might not like the lack of any real plan for tackling global inequality (for example by taxing and redistributing the wealth of centibillionaires such as Gates himself). But the main obstacle to Gates' plan is most likely simple human complacency, which Gates acknowledges. All pandemics end eventually, either fading to endemism, evolving toward lower virulence, or vanishing entirely, and humanity goes right back to business as usual, making itself not ready for the next one. Gates wants governments and private donors to fund a GERM team that will maintain constant vigilance and work continually to create better vaccines and treatments, and maintain the infrastructure to rapidly vaccinate the entire world's population within months of the next major outbreak. In the meantime, Gates wants to eliminate all the traditional infectious diseases that still kill millions of people, especially in the poorer parts of the world. Those are laudable goals and I hope something resembling Gate's plan comes to fruition. It's less clear what the largely powerless individual (waves hand) can do, however. If a million people read this book and want to vote for the GERM team, they're a drop in the electoral bucket.
And now for some criticisms. Fortunately I won't be calling out any typos, since I didn't find any. When your net worth is north of $100B you can afford the best proofreaders. Or maybe Gates himself is that good.
I only spotted one claim that seems to be a factual error:
According to Paul A. Offit in chapter 2 of his book Overkill: When Modern Medicine Goes Too Far, finishing the antibiotic course is often unnecessary and may even contribute to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. I'm surprised none of Gates' many reviewers caught this one.
Elsewhere Gates shares his fears of bioterrorists creating a pathogen engineered to spread rapidly and defeat existing vaccines and drugs, creating a pandemic worse than COVID-19. Even though I'm probably as pessimistic about humankind as a human can be, I'm skeptical about that one. For starters, terrorists have always preferred methods that result in dead bodies littering the streets, where they can be photographed and published in mass media to generate maximum terror. You don't have to kill a lot of people to get on the front page, and terrorists seem to be after publicity and shock value above all else. In contrast, when people die of diseases it's usually in hospitals or in their homes, and societies have strong systems of medical privacy and censorship to keep those images out of the news. Medical workers and first responders see the results; the general public, not so much. Diseases don't typically result in severed limbs, mangled bodies, and blood everywhere, the kinds of images that human brains seem wired to respond to. (Although Ebola does produce the blood and fluids, it kills people too quickly to spread far.)
Another problem for engineered bioweapons is their nonspecificity. Terrorists usually want to target a particular group: people of a certain nationality, faith, political persuasion, and so on. Even if genetic engineering could produce a pathogen that targets only people with certain genetic markers (such as people of a particular race or ethnicity or even one family), as soon as the pathogen gets into the wild, it begins evolving. Nature takes command and the pathogen's future becomes unpredictable. It might evolve to attack people with other genetic markers, or everybody. So the bioterrorists might end up wiping out themselves or whatever group they think they are trying to help. In contrast, traditional terror tools such as bombs are highly targetable. Explosives are also cheaper, quicker, and far more available than biolabs.
So while I can't rule out the risk entirely, it seems unlikely to me that anyone with the right combination of skills, motives, and patience will engineer and release a bioweapon to rival the pathogens that Nature already serves up. Just to work with such dangerous pathogens requires expensive biohazard containment facilities. What would be the point, when for the same money a terrorist organization could carry out thousands of traditional bombings?
Besides, we've seen from COVID-19 that if you want to kill half a million Americans, you don't need to create a new virus. All you have to do is flood social media with disinformation, which will be believed by susceptible people. And that segues to my main criticism of Gates' otherwise excellent book: his minimal mention of the psychological aspects of the pandemic.
Gates acknowledges disinformation in several places, including the part that targets him personally. His response:
Although Gates mentions people who are studying the disinformation phenomenon (he cites On Immunity: An Inoculation), he doesn't seem to have read very far yet. I hope he will. As I mentioned in my pre-review of this book (archived here), at least in the USA, we've had essentially two different pandemics, before and after effective vaccines became widely available. In the first phase of the pandemic, nobody could get vaccinated and this exposed painful health inequalities, with "essential" workers, poor people, persons of color, and other vulnerable groups dying at higher rates. Then around April 2021, vaccine doses became abundant, and the second phase began: a pandemic of the (willfully) unvaccinated. The second phase has killed roughly the same number as the first phase, around half a million and counting, with the great majority of COVID deaths in the last year being readily preventable. The real bioweapon now isn't the engineered virus that Gates fears, but rather the engineered disinformation flooding social media that infects individuals who are susceptible to it. The problem that Gates rather naively hopes will go away by itself may prove to be durable.
So what has science learned about people who fall for disinformation, often with lethal results? If you try talking to some of them, you might suspect they aren't the brightest bulbs on the tree. And according to peer-reviewed research, you'd usually be right. See for example Cognitive Ability and Vulnerability to Fake News and Pre-pandemic Cognitive Function and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Cohort Study.
Gates doesn't seem to have read about the science of human differences (if he has, he's too polite or too politically correct to mention it). But given his interest in public health, he should read some cognitive epidemiology and perhaps invite experts in the field to his working dinners. I'd recommend Ian Deary, Russell T. Warne, Linda Gottfredson, Richard Haier, Stuart J. Ritchie, and Robert Plomin, among others. It might not be possible to eliminate all the health inequalities that Gates deplores, without first eliminating the cognitive inequalities that either cause or contribute to them. I hope Gates the voracious reader can squeeze in a few of these books:
Born That Way: Genes, Behavior, Personality
Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction (newer 2020 edition)
Intelligence: All That Matters
In the Know: Debunking 35 Myths about Human Intelligence
The Neuroscience of Intelligence
Blueprint: How DNA makes us who we are
However, no single book can exhaust a topic so large and still evolving. Gates is particularly strong on microbiology and technological responses (such as genetic sequencing of pathogens, and developing and distributing test kits, vaccines, and antiviral drugs). However, while Gates touches on the psychological and social aspects of the pandemic, he appears to be less engaged with them. In part this is because psychology as a science hasn't gotten nearly as far as microbiology. The human brain is far more complex than any microbe, after all, so psychologists have a vastly more difficult job. Psychology hasn't yet produced anything as effective as a vaccine for mental pathologies. However, Gates doesn't seem to be as informed as he should be about what psychology does bring to the table (more on this below).
In 2015 Gates presented his TED talk The next outbreak? We’re not ready. Sadly, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 proved him right - we weren't ready. Gates describes how governments around the world played frantic catch-up, with varying degress of success. Some nations (such as Japan) performed better than others (such as my USA). Even though Japan's population is older than America's, and therefore at higher risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19, Japan's COVID-19 death rate was a fraction of America's, in no small part because Japan has the world's highest compliance with mask mandates.
Although we're still not out of the COVID-19 pandemic yet, Gates is already looking ahead to future pathogenic threats, and he gave a newer TED talk about that. That brings us to the book's title - How to Prevent the Next Pandemic. Yes, Gates has a plan to stop the next one before it gets past the outbreak stage. I imagine this might attract some controversy from across the political spectrum. (And what was Gates thinking when he coined his "GERM team" for Global Epidemic Response and Mobilization? I'm no expert on marketing and branding, but that seems to make life too easy for late-night comedians. At least make the joke writers work a little.)
Conservatives might not like having science inform policy (they never do), and liberals might not like the lack of any real plan for tackling global inequality (for example by taxing and redistributing the wealth of centibillionaires such as Gates himself). But the main obstacle to Gates' plan is most likely simple human complacency, which Gates acknowledges. All pandemics end eventually, either fading to endemism, evolving toward lower virulence, or vanishing entirely, and humanity goes right back to business as usual, making itself not ready for the next one. Gates wants governments and private donors to fund a GERM team that will maintain constant vigilance and work continually to create better vaccines and treatments, and maintain the infrastructure to rapidly vaccinate the entire world's population within months of the next major outbreak. In the meantime, Gates wants to eliminate all the traditional infectious diseases that still kill millions of people, especially in the poorer parts of the world. Those are laudable goals and I hope something resembling Gate's plan comes to fruition. It's less clear what the largely powerless individual (waves hand) can do, however. If a million people read this book and want to vote for the GERM team, they're a drop in the electoral bucket.
And now for some criticisms. Fortunately I won't be calling out any typos, since I didn't find any. When your net worth is north of $100B you can afford the best proofreaders. Or maybe Gates himself is that good.
I only spotted one claim that seems to be a factual error:
"Just as it’s important to keep taking antibiotics for a bacterial disease even when you start feeling better, [...]"
According to Paul A. Offit in chapter 2 of his book Overkill: When Modern Medicine Goes Too Far, finishing the antibiotic course is often unnecessary and may even contribute to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. I'm surprised none of Gates' many reviewers caught this one.
Elsewhere Gates shares his fears of bioterrorists creating a pathogen engineered to spread rapidly and defeat existing vaccines and drugs, creating a pandemic worse than COVID-19. Even though I'm probably as pessimistic about humankind as a human can be, I'm skeptical about that one. For starters, terrorists have always preferred methods that result in dead bodies littering the streets, where they can be photographed and published in mass media to generate maximum terror. You don't have to kill a lot of people to get on the front page, and terrorists seem to be after publicity and shock value above all else. In contrast, when people die of diseases it's usually in hospitals or in their homes, and societies have strong systems of medical privacy and censorship to keep those images out of the news. Medical workers and first responders see the results; the general public, not so much. Diseases don't typically result in severed limbs, mangled bodies, and blood everywhere, the kinds of images that human brains seem wired to respond to. (Although Ebola does produce the blood and fluids, it kills people too quickly to spread far.)
Another problem for engineered bioweapons is their nonspecificity. Terrorists usually want to target a particular group: people of a certain nationality, faith, political persuasion, and so on. Even if genetic engineering could produce a pathogen that targets only people with certain genetic markers (such as people of a particular race or ethnicity or even one family), as soon as the pathogen gets into the wild, it begins evolving. Nature takes command and the pathogen's future becomes unpredictable. It might evolve to attack people with other genetic markers, or everybody. So the bioterrorists might end up wiping out themselves or whatever group they think they are trying to help. In contrast, traditional terror tools such as bombs are highly targetable. Explosives are also cheaper, quicker, and far more available than biolabs.
So while I can't rule out the risk entirely, it seems unlikely to me that anyone with the right combination of skills, motives, and patience will engineer and release a bioweapon to rival the pathogens that Nature already serves up. Just to work with such dangerous pathogens requires expensive biohazard containment facilities. What would be the point, when for the same money a terrorist organization could carry out thousands of traditional bombings?
Besides, we've seen from COVID-19 that if you want to kill half a million Americans, you don't need to create a new virus. All you have to do is flood social media with disinformation, which will be believed by susceptible people. And that segues to my main criticism of Gates' otherwise excellent book: his minimal mention of the psychological aspects of the pandemic.
Gates acknowledges disinformation in several places, including the part that targets him personally. His response:
"I’ve decided that the best way forward is to just keep doing the work and believe that the truth will outlive the lies."The irony is obvious: Gates began his career with the goal of putting a computer on every desktop. Job done, and more, with a computing device in every pocket now, but I wonder if Gates ever dreamed what would happen when engineers made computers easy enough for everyone to use. I'm guessing he didn't, perhaps because of the psychologist's fallacy, the common error of assuming everyone else thinks similarly to oneself. In several parts of the book, Gates describes the people he hangs out with as "smart" or "talented." Given Gates' own exceptionally high intelligence and the social phenomenon of cognitive sorting, most of the people around him are probably similarly smart. The average person probably has a near-zero chance of getting face time with Gates. Everyone who gets near Gates has probably had to clear a number of cognitive and educational hurdles. The result is that Gates may not be fully aware of just how much less cognitive and critical thinking capacity the average person has to work with, not to mention the half of humankind that is below average.
Although Gates mentions people who are studying the disinformation phenomenon (he cites On Immunity: An Inoculation), he doesn't seem to have read very far yet. I hope he will. As I mentioned in my pre-review of this book (archived here), at least in the USA, we've had essentially two different pandemics, before and after effective vaccines became widely available. In the first phase of the pandemic, nobody could get vaccinated and this exposed painful health inequalities, with "essential" workers, poor people, persons of color, and other vulnerable groups dying at higher rates. Then around April 2021, vaccine doses became abundant, and the second phase began: a pandemic of the (willfully) unvaccinated. The second phase has killed roughly the same number as the first phase, around half a million and counting, with the great majority of COVID deaths in the last year being readily preventable. The real bioweapon now isn't the engineered virus that Gates fears, but rather the engineered disinformation flooding social media that infects individuals who are susceptible to it. The problem that Gates rather naively hopes will go away by itself may prove to be durable.
So what has science learned about people who fall for disinformation, often with lethal results? If you try talking to some of them, you might suspect they aren't the brightest bulbs on the tree. And according to peer-reviewed research, you'd usually be right. See for example Cognitive Ability and Vulnerability to Fake News and Pre-pandemic Cognitive Function and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Cohort Study.
Gates doesn't seem to have read about the science of human differences (if he has, he's too polite or too politically correct to mention it). But given his interest in public health, he should read some cognitive epidemiology and perhaps invite experts in the field to his working dinners. I'd recommend Ian Deary, Russell T. Warne, Linda Gottfredson, Richard Haier, Stuart J. Ritchie, and Robert Plomin, among others. It might not be possible to eliminate all the health inequalities that Gates deplores, without first eliminating the cognitive inequalities that either cause or contribute to them. I hope Gates the voracious reader can squeeze in a few of these books:
Born That Way: Genes, Behavior, Personality
Intelligence: A Very Short Introduction (newer 2020 edition)
Intelligence: All That Matters
In the Know: Debunking 35 Myths about Human Intelligence
The Neuroscience of Intelligence
Blueprint: How DNA makes us who we are
April 2, 2024
I am incredibly frustrated with the extremely biased negative comments from Amazon reviews not even verified to have read the book itself. The majority of comments are about Bill Gates being incompetent, unrealistic and naive.
I disagree.
First, we cannot reject the fact that he has predicted a pandemic, correctly detailing the holes in the disease prevention system. Gates also has connections with the experts and has insider information about the issue. One review on Amazon said,
"He should have been stopped years ago but he has so much money all the taking heads around him don't have the balls to speak up"
Amazon reviewers must realize he brings the greatest minds in conferences and allows their ideas to spread via his money. Please, don't make reviews without knowing the book or the man himself.
Edit: this review also applies to Goodreads users as well
I disagree.
First, we cannot reject the fact that he has predicted a pandemic, correctly detailing the holes in the disease prevention system. Gates also has connections with the experts and has insider information about the issue. One review on Amazon said,
"He should have been stopped years ago but he has so much money all the taking heads around him don't have the balls to speak up"
Amazon reviewers must realize he brings the greatest minds in conferences and allows their ideas to spread via his money. Please, don't make reviews without knowing the book or the man himself.
Edit: this review also applies to Goodreads users as well
May 10, 2022
Новата книга на Бил Гейтс е пълна с идеи как да предотвратим следващата пандемия. Най-авангардното предложение е създаването на организация (с грабващия акроним GERM), която, подобно на пожарникарите, да се занимава единствено с потушаване на регистрираните нови случаи на инфекциозни заболявания. През част от работното време може да няма никаква работа, но когато е нужно, реакцията трябва да е мигновена. Според създателя на Майкрософт ще са необходими само около 3000 служители за изпълняване на основните функции. Някои ще работят в централата на СЗО в Женева - генетици, вирусолози, IT специалисти, анализатори на данни, а други ще са на място, в горещите точки - епидемиолози, администратори, осъществяващи връзката между лекарите и властите и др.
Плашещо е, че Бил Гейтс знае много повече факти и научни данни за COVID-19, отколкото някои наши лекари. Например Бил Гейтс разбира, че ивермектин и хидроксихлороквин НЕ помагат, защото ползата им е отхвърлена в големи проучвания. Знае, че ранното тестване, карантиране и масово ваксиниране на населението спасява животи и ограничава разпространението на заразата. Бил Гейтс осъзнава, че ни трябва ефективна инфраструктура за провеждане на клинични изпитвания на лекарства. Той дава пример с британското проучване RECOVERY, където се установи, че кортикостероида Дексаметазон спасява животи при тежки форми на COVID-19. Вероятно стотици хиляди дължат живота си на този научен факт. Необходима е и инфраструктура за бързо производство и транспорт на ваксини и лекарства. Авторът подчетава, че отрано трябва да се мисли дори за снабдяването със стъклените епруветки и транспортни фризери.
Книгата прави трезв анализ на допуснатите грешки в борбата с COVID-19 и дава предложения за по-добро представяне при следващата пандемия, която изглежда неизбежна. Въпросът не е дали, а кога ще се случи. Щеше ми се българските лекари да знаеха, поне колкото Бил Гейтс за ваксините, клиничните проучвания и постигането на оптимални резултати. Но родната действителност е далеч от добре смазаната машина, необходима за спасяването на човешки животи.
Плашещо е, че Бил Гейтс знае много повече факти и научни данни за COVID-19, отколкото някои наши лекари. Например Бил Гейтс разбира, че ивермектин и хидроксихлороквин НЕ помагат, защото ползата им е отхвърлена в големи проучвания. Знае, че ранното тестване, карантиране и масово ваксиниране на населението спасява животи и ограничава разпространението на заразата. Бил Гейтс осъзнава, че ни трябва ефективна инфраструктура за провеждане на клинични изпитвания на лекарства. Той дава пример с британското проучване RECOVERY, където се установи, че кортикостероида Дексаметазон спасява животи при тежки форми на COVID-19. Вероятно стотици хиляди дължат живота си на този научен факт. Необходима е и инфраструктура за бързо производство и транспорт на ваксини и лекарства. Авторът подчетава, че отрано трябва да се мисли дори за снабдяването със стъклените епруветки и транспортни фризери.
Книгата прави трезв анализ на допуснатите грешки в борбата с COVID-19 и дава предложения за по-добро представяне при следващата пандемия, която изглежда неизбежна. Въпросът не е дали, а кога ще се случи. Щеше ми се българските лекари да знаеха, поне колкото Бил Гейтс за ваксините, клиничните проучвания и постигането на оптимални резултати. Но родната действителност е далеч от добре смазаната машина, необходима за спасяването на човешки животи.
May 8, 2022
Hopefully, Dr. Gates will write his next book in prison. The only thing worse than this narcissistic moron are the morons who are swallowing every word he says.
May 6, 2022
Simply important. To the negative reviewers and nay-sayers.... and what are you contributing to our global society besides your negative thoughts and words that spread disinformation? Nada. Thank you Bill Gates for continuing to forge ahead with your research and funding in the fight for healthcare solutions that are accessible to all.... AND scientifically sound, medically achievable, and truly innovative.
May 10, 2022
I found this a pretty good book on pandemics and prevention of major outbreaks. I quite enjoyed this.
It reminded me of how preventable pandemics can actually be, when the right precautions are in place.
I feel this is a must-read for people interested in risk management.
Gates did a great job at detailing what occurred in 2019 and how things could have been taken more seriously.
Parts of it saddend me, just because of how much certain things fell through with regards to COVID.
Let's work together to make pandemics history!
4.6/5
It reminded me of how preventable pandemics can actually be, when the right precautions are in place.
I feel this is a must-read for people interested in risk management.
Gates did a great job at detailing what occurred in 2019 and how things could have been taken more seriously.
Parts of it saddend me, just because of how much certain things fell through with regards to COVID.
Let's work together to make pandemics history!
4.6/5
May 10, 2022
all fluff and medical tyranny/fascism no studies or truth. Who would take health advice from a person who pushes the depopulation agenda?!
Shelved as 'never_want_to_read'
May 3, 2022Please shoot me if I ever want to take pandemic advice from a guy who lobbied as hard as Gates did to keep Covid-19 vaccines out of the developing world.
Read
June 6, 2022Click here to hear my thoughts on this book over on my Booktube channel, abookolive!
May 6, 2022
He can't even keep viruses out of my computer when I infrequently visit my adult websites and he thinks he's going to stop Coronavirus 19 🙄
May 12, 2022
Surprisingly So many fanboys of this ps*cho in the reviews. Oh yes,he has money. Nevertheless, his place is in the mental unit.
Want to read
May 25, 2022i believe the author just loves this pandemic of covid virus and his bosses pretty appreciate in that, too
May 29, 2022
How to Prevent the Next Pandemic by Bill Gates
“How to Prevent the Next Pandemic” is a practical approach on preventing pandemics. Bill Gates, provides readers with lessons learned from COVID-19 and what we can do to prevent a similar disaster. This useful 297-page book includes the following nine chapters: 1. Learn from COVID, 2. Create a pandemic prevention team, 3. Get better at detecting outbreaks early, 4. Help people protect themselves right away, 5. Find new treatments fast, 6. Get ready to make vaccines, 7. Practice, practice, practice, 8. Close the health gap between rich and poor countries, and 9. Make—and fund—a plan for preventing pandemics.
Positives:
1. A professionally written book. It’s direct, and covers the most important aspects of a pandemic.
2. The fascinating topic of pandemics.
3. An easy book to follow. Gates does a great job of simplifying terms and focusing on the world of the possible. The tone is hopeful and positive.
4. A good use of charts and photos to complement the narrative.
5. The Introduction lays out what this book is about. “In this book you’ll read about some of these innovations, because great new products only do the most good if they reach the people who need them most—and in health, that often requires working with governments, which even in the poorest countries are nearly always the entities that provide public services.”
6. Describes the U.S. response to COVID-19. “The White House’s response in 2020 was disastrous. The president and his senior aides downplayed the pandemic and gave the public terrible advice. Incredibly, federal agencies refused to share data with one another.”
7. The government’s role. “It’s the government’s role to invest in the basic research that leads to major innovations, adopt policies that let new ideas flourish, and create markets and incentives (the way the United States accelerated vaccine work with Operation Warp Speed).”
8. Describes the importance of creating a Pandemic Prevention Team. “What we need is a well-funded global organization with enough full-time experts in all the necessary areas, the credibility and authority that come with being a public institution, and a clear remit to focus on preventing pandemics.”
9. Persuasive description on how to prepare for the next pandemic. “Ultimately, we need diagnostic tools that are accurate, accessible for many people around the world, and quick to produce results that feed into the public health system.”
10. Interesting findings disclosed. “Studies show that even though the COVID virus may be able to survive for a few hours, or even days, it’s quite rare for people to get sick from touching a contaminated surface. In fact, even if someone does happen to touch a fomite, the chances that the person will get infected are less than 1 in 10,000.”
11. What worked against COVID-19. “The real benefit comes with universal masking, where both people are double masking or improving the fit of their surgical masks: It reduces the risk of exposure by 96 percent. That’s an incredibly effective intervention that can be manufactured for just a few cents.”
12. Addresses misinformation. “Its director-general said, “We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic,” and its website began featuring a myth-busting section that had to be constantly updated in order to debunk false claims.”
13. Explains why the vaccine was successful against COVID-19. “Fortunately, COVID is relatively easy to target with a vaccine, partly because the spike on its surface is not as camouflaged as the proteins on some other viruses. That’s why the success rate for COVID vaccines has been unusually high.”
14. Describes vaccine hesitancy. “Many Black Americans, for example, are generally skeptical of the government’s good intentions when it comes to health, and understandably so. For forty years, the U.S. Public Health Service ran the infamous Tuskegee Study—a horrific experiment in which it looked at the effect of syphilis on hundreds of Black men, without giving them their true diagnosis, and even withholding treatment once it became available eleven years into the study.”
15. The six areas that should be priorities for funding and research.
16. Find out the biggest mistake in America.
17. How to close the health gap between rich and poor countries. “Created in 2002 to bolster the fight against HIV, TB, and malaria in low- and middle-income countries, the Global Fund has been a rousing success.”
18. Describes four priorities to eradicate respiratory diseases and prevent pandemics. “Ultimately, our goal should be to develop novel vaccines that fully protect against entire families of viruses, particularly respiratory viruses—that’s the key to eradicating flu and coronaviruses.”
19. Glossary provided.
20. Notes and links provided.
Negatives:
1. No bibliography.
In summary, I really enjoyed this book. Bill Gates provides readers with a practical approach on how to prevent pandemics. Gates’ passion on this topic and his reliance on subject matter experts provides readers with sound technical solutions to pandemics. His approach is hopeful and based on the best of our current knowledge. Overall, this is a very practical and useful book that will provide readers with hope. I highly recommend it.
Further recommendations: “Preventing the Next Pandemic: Vaccine Diplomacy in a Time of Anti-Science” by Peter J. Hotez, “The Great Influenza” by John M. Barry, “Pandemic 1918” by Catharine Arnold, “Flu” by Gina Kolata, and “Influenza” by Jeremy Brown.
“How to Prevent the Next Pandemic” is a practical approach on preventing pandemics. Bill Gates, provides readers with lessons learned from COVID-19 and what we can do to prevent a similar disaster. This useful 297-page book includes the following nine chapters: 1. Learn from COVID, 2. Create a pandemic prevention team, 3. Get better at detecting outbreaks early, 4. Help people protect themselves right away, 5. Find new treatments fast, 6. Get ready to make vaccines, 7. Practice, practice, practice, 8. Close the health gap between rich and poor countries, and 9. Make—and fund—a plan for preventing pandemics.
Positives:
1. A professionally written book. It’s direct, and covers the most important aspects of a pandemic.
2. The fascinating topic of pandemics.
3. An easy book to follow. Gates does a great job of simplifying terms and focusing on the world of the possible. The tone is hopeful and positive.
4. A good use of charts and photos to complement the narrative.
5. The Introduction lays out what this book is about. “In this book you’ll read about some of these innovations, because great new products only do the most good if they reach the people who need them most—and in health, that often requires working with governments, which even in the poorest countries are nearly always the entities that provide public services.”
6. Describes the U.S. response to COVID-19. “The White House’s response in 2020 was disastrous. The president and his senior aides downplayed the pandemic and gave the public terrible advice. Incredibly, federal agencies refused to share data with one another.”
7. The government’s role. “It’s the government’s role to invest in the basic research that leads to major innovations, adopt policies that let new ideas flourish, and create markets and incentives (the way the United States accelerated vaccine work with Operation Warp Speed).”
8. Describes the importance of creating a Pandemic Prevention Team. “What we need is a well-funded global organization with enough full-time experts in all the necessary areas, the credibility and authority that come with being a public institution, and a clear remit to focus on preventing pandemics.”
9. Persuasive description on how to prepare for the next pandemic. “Ultimately, we need diagnostic tools that are accurate, accessible for many people around the world, and quick to produce results that feed into the public health system.”
10. Interesting findings disclosed. “Studies show that even though the COVID virus may be able to survive for a few hours, or even days, it’s quite rare for people to get sick from touching a contaminated surface. In fact, even if someone does happen to touch a fomite, the chances that the person will get infected are less than 1 in 10,000.”
11. What worked against COVID-19. “The real benefit comes with universal masking, where both people are double masking or improving the fit of their surgical masks: It reduces the risk of exposure by 96 percent. That’s an incredibly effective intervention that can be manufactured for just a few cents.”
12. Addresses misinformation. “Its director-general said, “We’re not just fighting an epidemic; we’re fighting an infodemic,” and its website began featuring a myth-busting section that had to be constantly updated in order to debunk false claims.”
13. Explains why the vaccine was successful against COVID-19. “Fortunately, COVID is relatively easy to target with a vaccine, partly because the spike on its surface is not as camouflaged as the proteins on some other viruses. That’s why the success rate for COVID vaccines has been unusually high.”
14. Describes vaccine hesitancy. “Many Black Americans, for example, are generally skeptical of the government’s good intentions when it comes to health, and understandably so. For forty years, the U.S. Public Health Service ran the infamous Tuskegee Study—a horrific experiment in which it looked at the effect of syphilis on hundreds of Black men, without giving them their true diagnosis, and even withholding treatment once it became available eleven years into the study.”
15. The six areas that should be priorities for funding and research.
16. Find out the biggest mistake in America.
17. How to close the health gap between rich and poor countries. “Created in 2002 to bolster the fight against HIV, TB, and malaria in low- and middle-income countries, the Global Fund has been a rousing success.”
18. Describes four priorities to eradicate respiratory diseases and prevent pandemics. “Ultimately, our goal should be to develop novel vaccines that fully protect against entire families of viruses, particularly respiratory viruses—that’s the key to eradicating flu and coronaviruses.”
19. Glossary provided.
20. Notes and links provided.
Negatives:
1. No bibliography.
In summary, I really enjoyed this book. Bill Gates provides readers with a practical approach on how to prevent pandemics. Gates’ passion on this topic and his reliance on subject matter experts provides readers with sound technical solutions to pandemics. His approach is hopeful and based on the best of our current knowledge. Overall, this is a very practical and useful book that will provide readers with hope. I highly recommend it.
Further recommendations: “Preventing the Next Pandemic: Vaccine Diplomacy in a Time of Anti-Science” by Peter J. Hotez, “The Great Influenza” by John M. Barry, “Pandemic 1918” by Catharine Arnold, “Flu” by Gina Kolata, and “Influenza” by Jeremy Brown.
July 6, 2022
Most of this book seems dedicated to learning from what went wrong and what went right with countries various responses to the COVID pandemic. To stay flexible in those responses. That nothing is set in stone and what did work for this virus might not work with the next or even the next variant.
But remember to be flexible. . .
Masks help even with a cold and influenza so masks will likely be seen for the next few winters as the flu and cold season start ravaging the population.
Digitalization and hybridization of office work is also likely to be a part of the working environment for the future. Certainly, some jobs are not easily digitized (can't see the plumber conference calling in a repair) and schooling at various levels will continue to be via live-video or pre-recorded lectures.
But the future priorities - as Gates sees them -
* Make and deliver better tools including quicker testing and manufacturing capacity.
* Build the GERM (Global Epidemic Response & Mobilization) teams with specialists in surveillance and management as well as public institutions. One of the major failures observed was the fact no one knew who was in charge, who could make the hard decisions and/or had the ability/knowledge to coordinate sharing of resources.
* Improve disease surveillance in the detection of all disease outbreaks and responding along with increased genome sequencing that enable the detection of variants. And to make various national industries part of a global system - see the coordination and sharing of resources for example.
* Strengthen the health systems, namely clinics, hospitals and personnel. Yes, wealthy countries should continue to donate to low- and middle-income ones to help improve health but those, in turn, can't totally depend on foreign aid and should focus on building their own strong systems, focusing on public health worldwide.
In the end, it does get a bit preachy but in reality, most of the world - although warned repeatedly that the possibility of a virus crossing over the animal-human barrier - was not prepared for the speed of infection and deadliness of COVID. History had already shown that the world had been threatened in the case of the pandemic of 1918. Then there was SARS and MERS and HIV/AIDS and Ebola. We should have learned, trained and prepared in those decades. The world was warned repeatedly and in far too many cases, ignored those warnings.
Maybe now we'll pay attention. But I somehow doubt it. . . .
2022-148
But remember to be flexible. . .
Masks help even with a cold and influenza so masks will likely be seen for the next few winters as the flu and cold season start ravaging the population.
Digitalization and hybridization of office work is also likely to be a part of the working environment for the future. Certainly, some jobs are not easily digitized (can't see the plumber conference calling in a repair) and schooling at various levels will continue to be via live-video or pre-recorded lectures.
But the future priorities - as Gates sees them -
* Make and deliver better tools including quicker testing and manufacturing capacity.
* Build the GERM (Global Epidemic Response & Mobilization) teams with specialists in surveillance and management as well as public institutions. One of the major failures observed was the fact no one knew who was in charge, who could make the hard decisions and/or had the ability/knowledge to coordinate sharing of resources.
* Improve disease surveillance in the detection of all disease outbreaks and responding along with increased genome sequencing that enable the detection of variants. And to make various national industries part of a global system - see the coordination and sharing of resources for example.
* Strengthen the health systems, namely clinics, hospitals and personnel. Yes, wealthy countries should continue to donate to low- and middle-income ones to help improve health but those, in turn, can't totally depend on foreign aid and should focus on building their own strong systems, focusing on public health worldwide.
In the end, it does get a bit preachy but in reality, most of the world - although warned repeatedly that the possibility of a virus crossing over the animal-human barrier - was not prepared for the speed of infection and deadliness of COVID. History had already shown that the world had been threatened in the case of the pandemic of 1918. Then there was SARS and MERS and HIV/AIDS and Ebola. We should have learned, trained and prepared in those decades. The world was warned repeatedly and in far too many cases, ignored those warnings.
Maybe now we'll pay attention. But I somehow doubt it. . . .
2022-148
February 26, 2023
Lesson learned?
A good book. I read somewhere that this was scaremongering, but I don't believe it is, granted I am not very good at seeing vested interests in the book, but all of us alive right now have lived through, in are still feeling the effects of the Pandemic. Now would be a good time to think of the lessons learned so we don't forget and something like this does not happen again.
The book does go through the effects on the world and the information published in other countries, but it does concentrate on the American response and resolution.
Gates does go through history to give a good account of lessons learned from not only this but other Pandemics. The problem is will we remember them as life starts to return to normal? Especially when it comes to having to invest real money in solutions that will hopefully not be needed for generations.
A good book. I read somewhere that this was scaremongering, but I don't believe it is, granted I am not very good at seeing vested interests in the book, but all of us alive right now have lived through, in are still feeling the effects of the Pandemic. Now would be a good time to think of the lessons learned so we don't forget and something like this does not happen again.
The book does go through the effects on the world and the information published in other countries, but it does concentrate on the American response and resolution.
Gates does go through history to give a good account of lessons learned from not only this but other Pandemics. The problem is will we remember them as life starts to return to normal? Especially when it comes to having to invest real money in solutions that will hopefully not be needed for generations.
May 10, 2022
"I Read Bill Gates' New Book (So You Don't Have To!)"
Episode 418 of the Corbett Report. Thanks James!
https://www.corbettreport.com/gatesbook/
Episode 418 of the Corbett Report. Thanks James!
https://www.corbettreport.com/gatesbook/
March 13, 2022
Does he mean prevention as in containment or prevention as in not happening in the first place? If the latter, that assertion is plainly misleading and a little bit of clickbaity wishful thinking.
Not sure why this is presented as such. Clearly, the topic is worth discussing without any additional spin. How to Mitigate the Next Pandemic? Now that is something that sounds like a good read.
Not sure why this is presented as such. Clearly, the topic is worth discussing without any additional spin. How to Mitigate the Next Pandemic? Now that is something that sounds like a good read.
May 15, 2022
Really interesting book. I think his plan is brilliant, unfortunately, our governments (not just the US) are really broken right now. So I think it will be hard to get his plans implemented. I think he has a great plan though. I love his information on the origin of mRNA which is the basis of several COVID-19 vaccines. I love the work his foundation is doing to improve world health. Excellent book!
May 29, 2022
Sane, comprehensive, charmingly wonkish overview of what we should learn from Covid. Nice to get a straightforward postmortem of the worst of the pandemic, and also to learn a bit more about how vaccines actually get developed and approved, different kinds of vaccines, plus hopes for cool future pharmaceutical interventions (e.g. pills instead of injections). Some sensible sounding suggestions: leaning into 'second-source deals', mechanisms for getting more vaccines to LIMCs, massively ramping up response training exercises. Biggest and most intriguingly of all is proposal for an international team to monitor for outbreaks and coordinate a much more confident response.
This book focused on preventing natural pandemics, and as such there was fairly little material on the risks from engineered pandemics. For what it's worth, these risks strikes me as potentially greater than the risks from natural pandemics over the next couple decades, and currently more neglected than risks from natural pandemics. Crossing my fingers for more books of this quality focused more squarely on engineered pandemics!
This book focused on preventing natural pandemics, and as such there was fairly little material on the risks from engineered pandemics. For what it's worth, these risks strikes me as potentially greater than the risks from natural pandemics over the next couple decades, and currently more neglected than risks from natural pandemics. Crossing my fingers for more books of this quality focused more squarely on engineered pandemics!
May 6, 2022
The perfect recommendation for that friend or family member who starts off nearly every conversation regarding COVID with, "I just don't get how...". Unfortunately the author's name on the cover and spine may also need to be obscured before there is any chance those who would most benefit from this information could even begin to accept it.
Similar to his approach in How To Avoid A Climate Disaster, Gates lays out a clear, concise, and easily digestible list of steps we can take globally, as well as locally, to avoid or mitigate the probability and effects of future pandemics, while at the same time providing a better quality of everyday life in the places it is needed most. I appreciate the way Gates employs an immense amount of stats and figures to support his conclusions, which adds to the ease with which his ideas and proposals can be understood by people with far less background knowledge, like me.
Similar to his approach in How To Avoid A Climate Disaster, Gates lays out a clear, concise, and easily digestible list of steps we can take globally, as well as locally, to avoid or mitigate the probability and effects of future pandemics, while at the same time providing a better quality of everyday life in the places it is needed most. I appreciate the way Gates employs an immense amount of stats and figures to support his conclusions, which adds to the ease with which his ideas and proposals can be understood by people with far less background knowledge, like me.
May 5, 2022
Work book for government and Big health authority. Reading this book give you a insight of thinking Big in achievable way . Bill always write books in a very clear manners. Thank you this knowledgeable , innovative and helpbook for great authority .
June 20, 2022
I expect this book to be controversial. And really that's a shame, because it shouldn't be. I expect this book to generate divisive reviews on Goodreads including especially nasty ones, many that aren't from people who read the book. And again that's too bad.
So what is this book? Think of it as a survey book. Where we are now, where we should go next. This is not a political book. It doesn't go into what the Trump administration or the Biden administration did or didn't do except at a very brief and shallow basis. If you want that, read The Premonition: A Pandemic Story - which by the way - this book points you to.
So why is Bill Gates the person to write this book? Sure he has the time and the money and brains. But also Public Health has been the main thrust of the Gates Foundation for years and years.
So you say that Bill Gates in particular steered the world wrong with the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine and patent rights - he doesn't answer that directly - though he does spend a lot of time talking about how hard it is to legally and safely manufacture a vaccine as separate from developing it. This part of the book feels like his answer.
This book talks about some lucky finds, reuse of skills in different ways, mistakes that were made.
But mostly it really is just talking about a way forward.
Hopefully it will lead to conversations and leadership and investments and books by other people.
It is not a great book. But it is well written and interesting and clear. And won't deserve the bull shit that it gets (is already getting).
So what is this book? Think of it as a survey book. Where we are now, where we should go next. This is not a political book. It doesn't go into what the Trump administration or the Biden administration did or didn't do except at a very brief and shallow basis. If you want that, read The Premonition: A Pandemic Story - which by the way - this book points you to.
So why is Bill Gates the person to write this book? Sure he has the time and the money and brains. But also Public Health has been the main thrust of the Gates Foundation for years and years.
So you say that Bill Gates in particular steered the world wrong with the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine and patent rights - he doesn't answer that directly - though he does spend a lot of time talking about how hard it is to legally and safely manufacture a vaccine as separate from developing it. This part of the book feels like his answer.
This book talks about some lucky finds, reuse of skills in different ways, mistakes that were made.
But mostly it really is just talking about a way forward.
Hopefully it will lead to conversations and leadership and investments and books by other people.
It is not a great book. But it is well written and interesting and clear. And won't deserve the bull shit that it gets (is already getting).
May 25, 2022
More like 2.5. You have to think objectively about this book when you read it, so forget your politics and forget your prejudice.
Overall, it's an OKAY book laying out tech and other initiatives the world has seen during Covid-19. It's a nice way of reflecting all the work done, especially for people who weren't aware of the developments, but if you're familiar with all that (I was, for my job) then this might be slightly basic.
I was slightly disappointed as the suggestions made were practically stating the obvious and I had hope the takeaways would be a bit more tangible rather than happy clappy. That said, it's realistic in recognising social inequalities and the need for healthcare funding - a few topics that one can never hammer enough until people get what they deserve.
Overall, it's an OKAY book laying out tech and other initiatives the world has seen during Covid-19. It's a nice way of reflecting all the work done, especially for people who weren't aware of the developments, but if you're familiar with all that (I was, for my job) then this might be slightly basic.
I was slightly disappointed as the suggestions made were practically stating the obvious and I had hope the takeaways would be a bit more tangible rather than happy clappy. That said, it's realistic in recognising social inequalities and the need for healthcare funding - a few topics that one can never hammer enough until people get what they deserve.
June 12, 2022
Pretty interesting. Bill Gates has a skill for condensing a big topic into a concise and readable primer. After the last two years of reading the news I felt like many of the topics were actually fairly familiar, but there were still some new ideas scattered around.
January 12, 2024
Some new interesting thoughts, mostly things I was aware of already. Well organized and thought-out book though.
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